Tea culture in England and India
Tea, often referred to as the world’s most beloved beverage, has a rich history that varies immensely from one country to another. Among the most prominent tea cultures are those of England and India, each showcasing unique traditions and unique perspectives on the art of tea drinking. Karara investigates both their differences and similarities.
Historically, tea drinking in India reached its height around 750 B.C. By the 16th century, Indians had started incorporating tea leaves into vegetable dishes flavoured with garlic and oil. However, it was the British who played a pivotal role in rediscovering and cultivating tea in the region.
As avid tea drinkers, the British significantly contributed to tea cultivation in India, driven by their massive consumption of tea sourced from the country. By 1750, they were importing millions of pounds of tea from China each year. This costly and unsustainable dependence compelled the British to explore and master tea cultivation and production methods in India.
The English tea tradition
In England, tea is more than just a beverage; it represents much more. The simple act of brewing a cup of tea can dissolve stress, encourage meaningful conversations, give strength and even spark creativity. In times of joy or sorrow, tea offers a comforting embrace, reminding the British that sometimes, all it takes to find solace or a solution is a warm cup in hand and a willingness to pause and reflect.
The tradition of afternoon tea,is an iconic aspect of English tea culture. This ritual typically involves a selection of black teas, such as Earl Grey or English Breakfast, accompanied by scones, cucumber sandwiches, and pastries.
Tea Rooms and Etiquette: English tea is often enjoyed in tea rooms or at home, and it emphasises etiquette. The proper way to brew tea, the use of fine porcelain teapots, and the practice of adding milk are all significant aspects of this tradition. The “cuppa” has become an integral part of English identity, often associated with warmth and hospitality.
In stark contrast to the English preference for black tea, India’s enduring love for chai—a vibrant spiced tea blending black tea, milk, sugar, and an aromatic mix of spices like ginger, cardamom, and cloves—defines the country’s tea culture. Chai is not just a beverage; it embodies an experience that resonates through the rhythm of daily life, enjoyed at various moments throughout the day often with a variety of savoury and sweet snacks are enjoyed with the tea. Savoury options include samosas, pakoras, Mattri, and Dhokla, while sweets like biscuits, cookies, and matri are also popular. The combination of chai and snacks often creates a comforting and social experience, especially during gatherings. This delightful drink symbolises togetherness, evoking warmth and familial bonds, making it an essential part of both social interactions and personal rituals.
Chai is often savoured in homes, offices, and busy street corners, where vendors known as “chaiwalas” serve this cherished mixture in small clay cups called kulhars or glasses. These street-side stalls create a lively atmosphere, giving a sense of community as people gather to enjoy their tea together. The social aspect of chai drinking encourages conversations that may range from everyday gossip to profound discussions, reinforcing its integral role in Indian society.
Indian Tea culture: The masala Chai
Similarities and differences
Despite their very different preparations and cultural practices, both English and Indian tea share a common thread of bringing people together. Afternoon tea in England reflects a more formal sit-down atmosphere, while the Indian chai experience promotes a casual, everyday context filled with lively chatter.
Both cultures also cherish the act of making tea. The English often follow precise brewing methods, while in India, the chaiwala’s expertise comes from years of practice in balancing flavours and spices. Yet, they both appreciate quality—whether it’s the fine leaves of Darjeeling or the robust blends used in traditional English tea. The most important part of tea is being together with others.
Tea around the world
Globally, tea transcends boundaries, with variations such as Japanese matcha, Chinese oolong, Sweet American tea and Moroccan mint tea each carrying their own traditions. However, the essence of tea as a beverage that brings connection remains universal.
Tea culture in England and India highlights the rich traditions surrounding tea in two of the world’s prominent tea-drinking countries. Two distinct yet intertwined narratives, celebrating the beverage’s ability to cultivate community and tradition. Whether it’s a formal tea party or a casual chai gathering, both cultures honour tea as an essential part of life.